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背景:注意缺陷多动障碍(attentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder,ADHD)患儿注意力不集中常给学习带来困难,影响学习成绩。近年来关于ADHD儿童的智能发育及社会适应方面的研究不少,但结论不一致。目的:探讨ADHD儿童智力结构及社会适应行为特点。设计:以诊断为依据的病例对照研究。方法:选取ADHD患儿48例,健康儿童48例,利用韦氏学龄智力量表和社会适应行为评定量表评定其智力和社会适应能力,比较其智力结构和适应行为特点。结果:智力方面ADHD患儿言语智商(101.23±7.45)高于其操作智商(89.72±8.00),差异有显著性意义(t=2.241,P<0.05),ADHD患儿言语、操作及总智商(101.23±7.45,89.72±8.00,94.12±10.28)均低于对照组相应智商(105.46±8.70,102.85±9.36,104.20±8.57),差异有显著性意义(t=2.360,2.547,2.012,P<0.05);不分心因子和获得因子得分(16.10±3.86,25.47±5.01)低于对照组(20.00±3.94,29.33±4.46),差异有显著性意义(t=2.764,3.223,P<0.01),社会适应方面ADHD患儿独立功能因子得分和认知因子得分(61.20±6.14,56.80±5.86)高于对照组(51.66±5.47,48.24±4.98),差异有显著性意义(t=2.560,2.589,P<0.05),而社会/自制因子得分(40.32±6.22)低于对照组(57.86±6.03)差异有显著性意义(t=2.412,P<0.0
Background: Inadequate attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often leads to learning difficulties and affects academic performance. In recent years, there have been many researches on the intellectual development and social adaptation of children with ADHD, but the conclusions are inconsistent. Objective: To investigate the characteristics of intellectual structure and social adaptation in children with ADHD. Design: A case-control study based on diagnosis. Methods: Forty-eight children with ADHD and forty-eight healthy children were enrolled in this study. The intelligence and social adaptability were assessed by Wechsler’s school-age intelligence scale and social adaptive behavior assessment scale. Their mental structure and adaptive behavior were compared. Results: The IQ of children with ADHD was higher (101.23 ± 7.45) than that of their IQ (89.72 ± 8.00), the difference was statistically significant (t = 2.241, P <0.05) 101.23 ± 7.45,89.72 ± 8.00,94.12 ± 10.28) were lower than the corresponding IQ of the control group (105.46 ± 8.70,102.85 ± 9.36,104.20 ± 8.57), the difference was statistically significant (t = 2.360,2.547,2.012, P <0.05 (T = 2.764,3.223, P <0.01). The scores of indifference and gain factors (16.10 ± 3.86,25.47 ± 5.01) were lower than those of the control group (20.00 ± 3.94,29.33 ± 4.46) In terms of social adaptation, scores of independent function factor and cognitive factor in children with ADHD (61.20 ± 6.14, 56.80 ± 5.86) were significantly higher than those in control group (51.66 ± 5.47,48.24 ± 4.98) (t = 2.560, 2.589, (T = 2.412, P <0.05), while the score of social / self-made factor (40.32 ± 6.22) was lower than that of the control group (57.86 ± 6.03)