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1993～1994年的雨季,我们在尼日尼亚的卡诺(Kano),使用两个不同浓度5％和10％的楝树叶提取液在花蕾期对豇豆两个不同品种(IT86D-715和IT87D-941-1,代号分别为Cv-715和Cv-941)进行了试验。提取液的施用是采用当地农民从实践中摸索出来的“沾扫帚”法。施用该提取液后,除了1994年的浓度为10％的4次处理外,豇豆花期受豇豆荚螟(Marucatestulalis)和花蓟马(Megalurothrips sjostedti)侵袭的程度并未降低。Cv-715和Cv-941两个品种相比,前者豆荚受害较轻。平均来说,施用提取液的与未经任何处理的相比。豇豆荚螟的虫荚率Cv-715降低12％,Cv-941降低16％。同时豇豆产量的提高也比较显著,其中以1994年“5％ 2×”处理的Cv-715达到极显著水平,与对照的产量比为515∶243kg/hm~2。不过,增产的稳定性欠佳,其中原因可能是提取液施用不均匀和用量不恒定。楝树能有效地抑制与寄主植物抗性相关的豇豆荚螟的危害,但“沾扫帚”法对持续控制虫害未免太原始了。
During the rainy season of 1993-1994, we used two different concentrations of Neem Leaf Extracts at 5% and 10% different concentrations in two varieties (IT86D-715 and IT87D -941-1, code-named Cv-715 and Cv-941, respectively). The application of the extract is based on the “dip broom” method that local peasants have developed from practice. After application of the extract, except for the 4 treatments of 10% in 1994, the degree of invasion of cowpea was not affected by the Marucatestulalis and Megalurothrips sjostedti. Cv-715 and Cv-941 compared to the two varieties, the former pods victims less. On average, the extract was applied as compared to no treatment. Viburnum pods borer Cv-715 reduced by 12%, Cv-941 decreased by 16%. At the same time, the increase of cowpea yield was also significant. Among them, Cv-715 treated with “5% 2 ×” in 1994 reached the extremely significant level, with the yield of 515:243kg / hm 2 compared with the control. However, the stability of the stimulation is not good, which may be due to uneven application of the extract and inconsistent dosage. Neem can effectively restrain the damage of the cowpea, which is related to the resistance of the host plant, but the “stick-broom” method is too primitive to control pests.