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原油是最复杂的化学体系之一,人们对原油这种复杂的胶态分散体及其稳定性的研究兴趣与日俱增,尤其是与石油稳定性密切相关的沥青质超分子聚集体。但人们对形成沥青质超分子聚集体的主要作用力长期以来颇有争议。本文重点介绍了石油组分及其模型化合物在溶液中形成超分子聚集体的超分子化学作用研究进展。通过实验方法和理论计算证明沥青质聚集体是沥青质分子间通过氢键、π-π堆积、偶极-偶极相互作用等多种分子间弱相互作用力协同作用形成的热力学稳定结构;合成具有沥青质结构特点的纯化合物,研究它们在溶液中的行为,是提高对沥青质在液态相中自缔合行为认识的有效方法;结合现阶段的研究状况,对石油组分模型化合物的超分子化学作用研究的发展前景进行了展望。
Crude oil is one of the most complex chemical systems, and interest in the complex colloidal dispersion of crude oil and its stability has been increasing, especially asphaltene supramolecular aggregates closely related to petroleum stability. However, it has long been arguable that the major force that forms asphaltene supramolecular aggregates has been. This article highlights the progress in the supramolecular chemistry of petroleum components and their model compounds in solution to form supramolecular aggregates. Experimental and theoretical calculations show that asphaltene aggregates are thermodynamically stable structures formed by synergistic interaction between asphaltene molecules through a variety of intermolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, and dipole-dipole interaction. Synthesis The pure compounds with the characteristics of asphaltene structure and their behavior in solution are effective methods to improve the self-association behavior of asphaltenes in the liquid phase. Combining with the current state of research, The prospects for the development of molecular chemistry are also discussed.