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桥脑小脑角区肿瘤由于病变部位深在,周围神经血管结构复杂。正常情况下,这一区域内有关的神经结构有滑车神经、三叉神经、舌咽神经、迷走神经、副神经和舌下神经;血管结构有小脑上动脉、小脑后下动脉、小脑前下动脉、内听动脉;骨性结构有内听道、颈静脉孔、岩骨尖部和斜坡侧缘。按神经和血管结构从上到下的排列顺序将桥脑小脑角区分为上神经血管丛、中间神经血管丛和下部神经血管丛。当发生听神经瘤时,常向内侧压迫桥脑、延髓和小脑,向侧方使内听道扩大,并使周围神经血管结构移位、扭曲或侵蚀这些神经血管结构。在切除肿瘤时,这些神经血管结构受到损伤的危险很大,了解显微解剖对保留神经血管的结构和功能有非常重要的意义。
Pons cerebellar angle area tumor deep in the lesion, peripheral neurovascular complex structure. Under normal circumstances, the relevant nerve structure in this area are the trochlear nerve, the trigeminal nerve, the glossopharyngeal nerve, the vagus nerve, the accessory nerve and the hypoglossal nerve. The vascular structure includes the superior cerebellar artery, the inferior cerebellar artery, the anterior inferior cerebellar artery, Listen to the arteries; bony structures include internal auditory canal, jugular foramen, petrous apex, and lateral slopes. According to the nerve and vascular structure from top to bottom in order of arrangement of the cerebellopontine angle into the upper nerve vascular plexus, the middle nerve vascular plexus and the lower nerve vascular plexus. When acoustic neuroma occurs, the pons, medulla oblongata, and cerebellum are often medially compressed, the internal auditory canal is enlarged sideways, and the peripheral vascular structures are displaced and distorted or eroded. At the time of tumor removal, there is a high risk of damage to these neurovascular structures and understanding the importance of microscopic dissection in preserving the structure and function of neurovascular tissue.