常用的非典型抗精神病药物有:阿立哌唑、氯氮平、奥氮平、奎硫平、利培酮及齐拉西酮。非典型抗精神病药物的药代动力学和不良反应均有性别差异。女性的CYP1A2酶的活性较男性低,致氯氮平和奥氮平的血药浓度高于男性。利培酮引起女性高催乳素水平,导致女性骨质疏松和性功能障碍的发生率高于男性。研究表明,非典型抗精神病药物使女性代谢综合征的发生率明显高于男性。其中女性和男性肥胖症、高血压、三酰甘油血症及高密度脂蛋白降低的发生率分别为76.3%和35.5%,46.9%和47.2%,42.2%和50.7%,48.9%和63.3%;女性和男性高血糖[≥100mg/dl(5.55mmol/L)和≥110mg/dl(6.10mmol/L)]的发生率分别为30.0%和21.7%,24.2%和14.1%。非典型抗精神病药物引起心电图QTc间期延长及锥体外系症状女性较男性多见;其中某些药物对胎儿有不良影响。 Common atypical antipsychotic drugs are: aripiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. Atypical antipsychotic pharmacokinetics and adverse reactions have sex differences. Female CYP1A2 enzyme activity than men, caused clozapine and olanzapine plasma concentration higher than men. Risperidone causes women with high prolactin levels, leading to a higher incidence of osteoporosis and sexual dysfunction in women than men. Research shows that atypical antipsychotics make the incidence of metabolic syndrome in women was significantly higher than men. Incidences of obesity, hypertension, triglyceridemia and HDL decreased in women and men were 76.3% and 35.5%, 46.9% and 47.2%, 42.2% and 50.7%, 48.9% and 63.3%, respectively; The incidence of hyperglycemia in women and men [≥100 mg / dl (5.55 mmol / L) and ≥110 mg / dl (6.10 mmol / L)] was 30.0% and 21.7%, 24.2% and 14.1%, respectively. Atypical antipsychotics cause ECG QTc interval prolongation and extrapyramidal symptoms more common in women than men; some of these drugs have a negative impact on the fetus.