目的了解某传染病医院医务人员职业暴露情况及其危险因素,探讨防护措施。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对某传染病医院2009-2011年医务人员发生职业暴露情况进行调查。结果调查期间该传染病医院的医务人员中共职业暴露50例,其中护士占86%,主要是针刺伤,构成比高达90%。职业暴露血源性疾病病原体以乙型肝炎(HBV)患者为主,占64%;艾滋病病毒感染者占6%,其余为其他血源性疾病因子。结论传染病医院护士是职业暴露的高危人群,针刺伤是造成职业暴露的最主要的因素,HBV为最重要的感染因子,应重点加强职业安全防护措施。 Objective To understand occupational exposure of medical personnel in a contagious hospital and its risk factors and to explore protective measures. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to investigate the occupational exposure of medical personnel in a contagious hospital from 2009 to 2011. Results During the investigation, there were 50 occupational exposures among medical workers in the infectious disease hospital, of whom 86% were nurses, mainly acupuncture, accounting for 90% of the total. Occupational exposure to blood-borne disease pathogens mainly in patients with Hepatitis B (HBV), accounting for 64%; HIV-infected patients accounted for 6%, and the rest for other blood-borne disease factors. Conclusion Infectious hospital nurses are the high risk of occupational exposure. Needle stabbing is the most important factor leading to occupational exposure. HBV is the most important infection factor, and occupational safety precautions should be emphasized.