目的:建立大鼠子宫内膜异位(EM)模型,内皮抑素作用于模型大鼠,探讨内皮抑素对其治疗作用。方法:自体移植术建立SD大鼠EM模型,造模成功后随机分为模型组、达那唑组、内皮抑素组,8只行假手术。术后4周开始用药,用药14天处死各组大鼠,取异位灶电镜下观察组织超微结构,免疫组化检测VEGF及CD34的表达。结果:37只大鼠造模,成功32只,分组用药14天后,达那唑组及内皮抑素组电镜下见细胞超微结构发生变化,核不规则,核膜有切迹,见线粒体內嵴结构模糊,胞浆内见自噬体。模型组囊内壁内膜上皮细胞结构基本正常,假手术组在位内膜结构正常。模型组高表达VEGF、CD34(MVD),与假手术组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);达那唑组、内皮抑素组的VEGF、CD34(MVD)表达均低于模型组(P<0.05);达那唑组与内皮抑素组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:SD大鼠子宫内膜异位症模型建立成模率高,内皮抑素能抑制异位移植灶的生长。 OBJECTIVE: To establish an endometriotic (EM) model of rat, and endostatin was administered to the model rats to explore the therapeutic effect of endostatin. Methods: SD rat EM model was established by autograft. After the model was successfully established, the rats were randomly divided into model group, danazol group and endostatin group. Eight rats were sham operated. The rats were sacrificed at 4 weeks after operation and the rats were sacrificed on the 14th day. The ultrastructures of the tissues were observed by electron microscopy and the expressions of VEGF and CD34 were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Thirty-seven rats were successfully established. 32 rats in each group were treated with danazol for 10 days. The ultrastructures of the cells were observed under electron microscope in danazol group and endostatin group. The nuclei were irregular, Crista structure fuzzy, see the autophagosome within the cytoplasm. The model group group capsule endothelium wall endothelial cell structure is normal, the sham operation group eutopic endometrial structure is normal. The expression of VEGF and CD34 (MVD) in model group was significantly higher than that in sham operation group (P <0.05). The expression of VEGF and CD34 (MVD) in danazol group and endostatin group were lower than that in model group P <0.05). There was no significant difference between danazol group and endostatin group (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The SD rat model of endometriosis is established with a high rate of mold formation. Endostatin can inhibit the growth of ectopic transplantation.