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目的:分析过敏性紫癜(HSP)的临床特点,提高诊断准确性。方法:对佛山市妇幼保健院2015年1月至2016年12月收治的67例HSP住院患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:HSP患儿男:女比例为2.05:1,高峰年龄为4~6岁,冬季发病率高,呼吸道感染是主要诱因,幽门螺杆菌感染可能与HSP发生相关。皮肤紫癜为最常见表现(95.52%),其次为消化道症状(86.57%)、关节症状(32.84%)、肾脏损害(5.97%)。在皮疹发生部位中,下肢和足部发生率最高(97.01%),其次为臀部(47.76%)、上肢和手部(17.91%),最后为面部和躯干(5.97%),皮疹消退时间在2~30 d。结论:HSP大部分预后良好,病情反复者易发生肾脏损害,对此类患儿应注意定期随访,进行尿液检查,及早发现肾脏损害并积极治疗。
Objective: To analyze the clinical features of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) and improve the diagnostic accuracy. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 67 HSP inpatients admitted to Foshan MCH from January 2015 to December 2016. Results: The male / female ratio of HSP was 2.05: 1, and the peak age was 4-6 years. The incidence of winter was high and respiratory tract infection was the main cause. Helicobacter pylori infection may be related to the occurrence of HSP. Skin purpura was the most common manifestation (95.52%), followed by gastrointestinal symptoms (86.57%), joint symptoms (32.84%) and kidney damage (5.97%). The incidence of lower extremities and feet was the highest in rashes (97.01%), followed by buttocks (47.76%), upper extremities and hands (17.91%), and finally in the face and trunk (5.97%) with rash subsided at 2 ~ 30 d. Conclusions: The prognosis of most patients with HSP is good, patients with recurrent renal disease prone to recurrence, such children should pay attention to regular follow-up, urine tests, early detection of kidney damage and active treatment.