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目的分析2011-2012年丽水市疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生特征,并对AEFI监测系统的运行状况、疫苗接种的安全性进行评价,为今后开展AEFI监测工作提供科学指导。方法通过全国AEFI监测系统收集2011-2012年丽水市AEFI个案数据,运用描述性分析方法进行分析。结果 2011-2012年AEFI监测系统共报告个案325例,其中≤1岁的244例,占68.92%。报告涉及的疫苗以无细胞百白破疫苗最多,占34.15%。反应分类以一般反应为主,占92.92%;异常反应占6.15%,其中异常反应又以过敏性皮疹为主,其次为卡介苗淋巴结炎。大部分患者预后良好。全市9个县市2011-2012年均有AEFI个案报告,县级报告覆盖率、个案完整率和48小时内调查率均达到100%。2011年48小时内报告率为93.44%,3日内调查报告率为87.5%;2012年48小时内报告率为97.04%,3日内调查报告率为92.86%。结论 AEFI监测系统敏感性还有待提高,个别县3日内调查报告率未达到国家监测方案的要求,转归情况尚存在更新不及时现象,因此,应加强培训指导,及对监测数据审核、分析,改善AEFI监测系统的运行状况,提高监测敏感性。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected AEFI in Lishui City from 2011 to 2012 and to evaluate the operation status of AEFI monitoring system and the safety of vaccination so as to provide scientific guidance for future AEFI monitoring. Methods The data of AEFI cases in Lishui City from 2011 to 2012 were collected through the national AEFI monitoring system and analyzed by descriptive analysis. Results A total of 325 cases were reported by the AEFI monitoring system in 2011-2012, of which 244 cases were ≤1 years old, accounting for 68.92%. The vaccine involved in the report was the most potent cell-free diphtheria vaccine, accounting for 34.15%. The reaction classification was based on general reaction, accounting for 92.92%; abnormal reaction accounted for 6.15%, of which anaphylactic rash was the main reaction followed by BCG lymphadenitis. Most patients have a good prognosis. The AEFI case reports from 9 cities and counties in 2011-2012 have reached 100% coverage rate at county level, case complete rate and 48-hour investigation rate. The report rate in 48 hours in 2011 was 93.44%, 87.5% in 3 days, 97.04% in 48 hours in 2012 and 92.86% in 3 days. Conclusions The sensitivity of AEFI monitoring system needs to be improved. The investigation report rate within 3 days of individual counties has not met the requirements of national monitoring program. There are still some problems such as not updating timely enough. Therefore, training guidance should be strengthened and the monitoring data audit, analysis, Improve the operational status of AEFI monitoring systems and improve monitoring sensitivity.