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采用含银铅锑多元合金为原料,对其真空蒸馏法富集Ag、Sb的可行性和工艺进行探讨,考察蒸馏温度、恒温时间对合金中各组分的挥发行为影响,理论和实验均证实了该方法可行。试验结果表明:系统压力5~25 Pa,Ag,Sb的挥发随着温度的增加和恒温时间的延长而加剧,蒸馏温度为1223 K,恒温时间30~120 min时,Ag的富集率均大于99.28%,Sb的挥发率为89.7%~92.8%;X射线衍射仪研究表明残留物中形成化合物Ag3Sb,Cu2Sb,Cu10Sb3,导致Sb不能彻底挥发;蒸馏过程中,系统压力随着恒温时间的延长而下降,且蒸馏温度越高下降越明显。
The feasibility and technology of enriching Ag and Sb by vacuum distillation were discussed by using silver-lead-lead-antimony alloy as raw material. The effects of distillation temperature and constant temperature on the volatilization behavior of each component in the alloy were investigated, both in theory and experiment This method is feasible. The experimental results show that the volatilization of Ag and Sb aggravates with the increase of temperature and the prolongation of the temperature at the system pressure of 5 ~ 25 Pa. When the distillation temperature is 1223 K and the isothermal time is 30 ~ 120 min, the enrichment rate of Ag is higher than 99.28%, and the volatilization rate of Sb is 89.7% -92.8%. The results of X-ray diffractometer show that the compounds Ag3Sb, Cu2Sb and Cu10Sb3 are formed in the residue, which leads to the incomplete volatilization of Sb. During the distillation process, Decline, and the higher the distillation temperature drop the more obvious.