目的通过对成年人、成体黄牛、马、家猪、山羊、绵羊、狗、猫、长毛兔、鹅、鸭、鸡共12个种属动物股骨组织形态学结构特征的研究,建立一个有效的各类动物间种属鉴别的方法。方法在征得家属同意后,在尸检中取成人(20岁以上)右股骨中段约4cm,同时,收集黄牛、马、家猪、山羊、绵羊、狗、猫、长毛兔、鹅、鸭、鸡共11种常见动物右腿股骨,取中段约4cm,脱钙后制作成骨组织切片,在光学显微镜下观察,将显微镜下的图像录入电脑,选取24个指标进行分析。结果人与其他动物、以及各被检动物之间在骨单位数量等13个指标上具有显著差异,用这些指标建立种属判别数学模型,结果这些动物之间的判别率也可达89.4%。结论股骨中段骨密质的组织学结构具有明显的种属特征,且骨单位形态和数量呈现明显的生物进化趋势。根据这些特征可以有效地进行种属鉴别。 OBJECTIVE: To study the histomorphological characteristics of femurs in 12 species of adult animals, adult cattle, horses, domestic pigs, goats, sheep, dogs, cats, hairy rabbits, geese, ducks and chickens and to establish an effective All kinds of animal species identification method. Methods In the autopsy, adult (over 20 years old) middle femur was about 4cm in the autopsy with the consent of family members. At the same time, we collected about four centimeters of the right femur from cattle, horses, domestic pigs, goats, sheep, dogs, cats, A total of 11 common animal right leg femur chicken, take the middle of about 4cm, decalcification made of bone tissue sections, observed under an optical microscope, the image under the microscope computer input, select 24 indicators for analysis. Results There were significant differences in the number of bone units between humans and other animals and the animals tested. Thirteen mathematical models of species discrimination were established based on these indexes. As a result, the discrimination rate among these animals was also 89.4%. Conclusion The histological structure of the bone mass in the middle part of the femur has obvious species characteristics, and the morphology and number of the bone units show a clear trend of biological evolution. According to these characteristics, species identification can be effectively carried out.