失业是澳大利亚社会面临的一项巨大挑战。联邦政府制订的救济制度,目的是让失业者有足够收入来接受教育、培训或安置。但近年该制度也面临诸多挑战,尤其是失业者数字居高不下、福利分配公平性失衡、大量移民涌入、人口老龄化等,冲击着就业市场,使救济资金有杯水车薪之虞。为应对这些挑战,澳联邦政府对该制度进行了调整与改革,这对完善我国失业保险和失业救济制度有借鉴意义。 Unemployment is a huge challenge for Australian society. The federal government has set up a relief system aimed at giving the unemployed enough income to receive education, training or placement. However, the system has also faced many challenges in recent years. In particular, the high number of unemployed people, the unbalanced distribution of benefits, the influx of immigrants and the aging of the population have impacted the job market and caused relief funds to drop in the bucket. In response to these challenges, the Australian federal government has adjusted and reformed this system, which is of great significance for improving our unemployment insurance and unemployment relief system.