报告正常足月产、妊娠高血压综合征及过期妊娠时胎膜在光镜和电镜下的结构及变化特点。观察发现,妊娠高血压综合征时胎膜为缺氧所致的可复性病变,而过期妊娠之胎膜则为不可复性自身老化。胎膜广泛纤维化表明在妊娠高血压综合征和过期妊娠时易发生早破膜。此外,尚讨论了胎膜屏障存在的可能机制及明、暗细胞这一现象。 Report the normal full-term pregnancy, pregnancy-induced hypertension and pregnancy-induced fetal membranes in light microscopy and electron microscopy under the structure and changes in the characteristics. Observation found that pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome fetal membranes due to hypoxia caused by the refolding lesions, while the pregnancy of the fetal membranes is irreversible aging itself. Extensive fibrosis of the fetal membranes indicates premature rupture of the membrane during pregnancy-induced hypertension and expired pregnancy. In addition, the possible mechanism of the existence of fetal membranes and the phenomenon of bright and dark cells are discussed.