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目的初步了解成都市流感病毒主要宿主感染状况,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法以2014年成都市疾病预防控制中心门诊体检人群和成都市区生猪屠宰场内生猪为调查对象,分别采集人血清50份和猪血清49份。以同期分离的A型H1N1、H3N2、B-Victoria和B-Yamagata代表毒株为抗原进行血凝抑制(HI)试验,检测血清中的相应抗体。结合当地流感流行情况,比较分析宿主中及宿主间各型病毒感染状况。结果流感样监测病例中流感病毒各亚型间的阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=50.393,P<0.001),其中B-Yamagata阳性检出率最高(6.03%)。人血清中B-Yamagata和B-Victoria的HI抗体阳性率高于其它流感病毒(χ~2=239.104,P<0.001)。猪血清中A(H1N1)和B-Yamagata流感病毒抗体阳性率高于其它流感病毒(χ~2=231.642,P<0.001)。人血清中各型和各亚型的HI抗体滴度均高于猪血清中的滴度,且差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=17.099,P=0.008;χ~2=31.581,P<0.001;χ~2=57.623,P<0.001;χ~2=5.713,P=0.032)。结论2014年成都市疾病预防控制中心体检门诊体检人群中A(H1N1)和B型流感病毒的感染率较高,人群中较高的BYamagata HI抗体阳性率并未形成有效的免疫屏障阻止病原持续循环。猪可能是人B型流感病毒的潜在宿主。
Objective To understand the main host infection status of influenza virus in Chengdu and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods A total of 50 human serum samples and 49 pig serum samples were collected from outpatients in Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention and pigs in slaughterhouse in Chengdu in 2014. In the same period, type A H1N1, H3N2, B-Victoria and B-Yamagata representative strains were tested for their hemagglutination inhibition (HI) by detecting the corresponding antibodies in serum. Combined with the local influenza prevalence, comparative analysis of host and host of various types of virus infection. Results There was a significant difference in the positive detection rate of influenza viruses among the influenza-like surveillance cases (χ ~ 2 = 50.393, P <0.001). The positive detection rate of B-Yamagata was the highest (6.03%). The HI antibody positive rates of B-Yamagata and B-Victoria in human serum were higher than those of other influenza viruses (χ ~ 2 = 239.104, P <0.001). The positive rates of A (H1N1) and B-Yamagata influenza virus in pig serum were higher than those of other influenza viruses (χ ~ 2 = 231.642, P <0.001). The HI antibody titers of various types and subtypes in human serum were higher than those in pig serum, and the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 17.099, P = 0.008; χ ~ 2 = 31.581, P < 0.001; χ ~ 2 = 57.623, P <0.001; χ ~ 2 = 5.713, P = 0.032). Conclusions In 2014, the prevalence of A (H1N1) and B influenza in the medical examination population of Chengdu CDC was high, and the positive rate of BYamagata HI antibody in the population did not form an effective immune barrier to stop the continuous circulation of pathogens . Pigs may be potential hosts of human influenza B virus.