研究了不同陆地棉品种棉花根系特性与耐旱性的关系。结果表明 ,耐旱型较非耐旱型棉花品种根系发达 ,主根长 ,各级侧根数量多且长 ,总根系长度长 ;一级侧根数、侧根总长、根系总长度与耐旱性呈显著或极显著正相关 ;棉花根系重量与生物学产量、子棉产量、皮棉产量呈极显著正相关。单位主根长度一级侧根着生密度可作为棉花耐旱性鉴定和选育的指标 The relationship between root traits and drought tolerance of different upland cotton varieties was studied. The results showed that the roots of drought-tolerant cotton varieties developed more than those of the non-drought-tolerant cotton cultivars. The length of root, the number of lateral roots and the length of total root were longer. The number of primary roots, total length of lateral roots, total root length and drought tolerance were significant or Extremely significant positive correlation; cotton root weight and biological yield, cotton yield, lint yield was significantly positively correlated. The root density per unit root length of primary root can be used as an index to identify and select for the drought tolerance of cotton