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为探讨肺部病变与急性脑血管病的关系,以63例急性脑血管病死亡病人病历和尸检资料为基础,分析脑梗塞(31例)、脑出血(21例)和蛛网膜下腔出血(11例)3组的肺部临床表现、胸部 X 线和病理所见。结果表明,63例中,11例因肺并发症致死,占17.5%。63例中病理诊断肺炎43例,肺水肿31例,肺栓塞5例。3组脑血管病人的肺炎、肺水肿和肺栓塞的发生率无显著差别。通过临床和病理对比分析发现,肺炎的临床诊断率为39.5%,肺水肿的临床诊断率仅为5%。而肺栓塞的临床诊断率为零。结论:肺并发症是急性脑血管病的主要死因之一,占脑外并发症的第一位。在急性脑血管病病人,应提高对肺并发症的临床认识,早期防治肺炎、肺水肿和肺栓塞。
To investigate the relationship between pulmonary lesions and acute cerebrovascular disease, based on the medical records and autopsy data of 63 patients died of acute cerebrovascular disease, we analyzed cerebral infarction (31 cases), cerebral hemorrhage (21 cases) and subarachnoid hemorrhage 11 cases) 3 groups of lung clinical manifestations, chest X-ray and pathological findings. The results showed that in 63 cases, 11 died of pulmonary complications, accounting for 17.5%. Pathological diagnosis of 63 cases of pneumonia in 43 cases, 31 cases of pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism in 5 cases. There were no significant differences in the incidence of pneumonia, pulmonary edema and pulmonary embolism between the three groups of patients with cerebrovascular disease. By clinical and pathological comparative analysis found that the clinical diagnosis of pneumonia was 39.5%, the clinical diagnosis of pulmonary edema rate was only 5%. The clinical diagnosis of pulmonary embolism is zero. Conclusion: Pulmonary complications are one of the major causes of death in acute cerebrovascular disease, accounting for the first extra-cerebral complication. In patients with acute cerebrovascular disease, clinical awareness of pulmonary complications should be improved and early prevention and treatment of pneumonia, pulmonary edema and pulmonary embolism.