西方新闻自由思想由来已久,与民主制度紧密相连。1791年正式通过的美国宪法第一修正案就将新闻自由作为公民基本权利加以保护。但是,媒体、政府与市场处于复杂的“共生”关系中,政府无形的拳头、市场看不见的手都对新闻传播有制约与限制作用。 The idea of ​​freedom of the western press has a long history and is closely linked with the democratic system. The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, passed in 1791, protected freedom of the press as a basic civil rights. However, the media, the government and the market are in complex “symbiotic” relations. The government’s invisible fist and invisible hand on the market all have restrictions and restrictions on the media.