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【目的】明确新烟碱类杀虫剂噻虫胺及其2种混剂对意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica和玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae的毒性。【方法】采用摄入法、接触法和药膜法分别测定3种制剂对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂成蜂的急性毒性。【结果】急性毒性测定结果表明,30%噻虫胺悬浮剂、30%吡蚜酮·噻虫胺悬浮剂和20%醚菊酯·噻虫胺悬浮剂对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂的急性摄入毒性均为剧毒,LC50值(48 h)分别为0.0200(0.0143~0.0272),0.0847(0.0658~0.1157)和0.1594(0.1200~0.2056)mg a.i./L;3种制剂对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂急性接触毒性均为高毒,LD50值(48 h)分别为0.0155(0.0114~0.0197),0.0426(0.0335~0.0539)和0.1122(0.0796~0.1385)μg a.i./蜂。药膜法测定3种制剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂成蜂的LC50值(24 h)分别为0.0232(0.0180~0.0295),0.1050(0.0940~0.1170)和0.0059(0.0054~0.0065)mg a.i./L;安全性评价结果表明,3种制剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂成蜂均存在极高风险性,安全系数分别为5.95×10-4,2.69×10-3和9.50×10-5。【结论】噻虫胺及其混剂对意大利蜜蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂均存在较高的毒性风险,在害虫综合治理中应谨慎使用。
【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides clothianidin and its two mixtures to the Italian honey bee Apis mellifera ligustica and Trichogramma ostriniae. 【Method】 The acute toxicities of three kinds of preparations to adult Italian bees and red tawny wasps were determined by ingestion method, contact method and membrane method respectively. 【Result】 The results of acute toxicity test showed that the acute toxicity of 30% clothianidin SC, 30% pymetrozine / clothianidin SC and 20% Ethephon / clothianidin SC to adult bees (48 h) were 0.0200 (0.0143 ~ 0.0272), 0.0847 (0.0658 ~ 0.1157) and 0.1594 (0.1200 ~ 0.2056) mg ai / L. The acute toxicity of the three preparations to adult bees The results showed that the LD50 values were 0.0155 (0.0114 ~ 0.0197), 0.0426 (0.0335 ~ 0.0539) and 0.1122 (0.0796 ~ 0.1385) μg ai / The LC50 values (0.02h0.0140-0.1110) and 0.0059 (0.0054 ~ 0.0065) mg ai / L, respectively, for the three preparations of Trichogramma ostriniae by the membrane assay method were 0.0232 (0.0180-0.0295) The results of sex evaluation showed that all the three preparations had extremely high risk to Trichogramma ostriniae, with the safety coefficients of 5.95 × 10-4, 2.69 × 10-3 and 9.50 × 10-5, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Clothianidin and its mixture have higher toxicity risk to Trichogramma ostriniae and Trichogramma ostriniae, and should be used with caution in the comprehensive management of pests.