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目的了解从业人员戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)感染状况,为控制HEV传播提供科学依据。方法对2014年-2015年安陆市13 369名从业人员和2015年抽查的184名生肉销售人员进行丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和抗-HEV-IgM检测,并对结果进行统计分析。结果 2014年-2015年共检测13 553名从业人员血清样本,共检出抗-HEV-IgM阳性19名,总阳性率为0.14%,抗-HEV-IgM阳性人员中仅3人出现ALT异常且为中青年人。2014年、2015年从业人员HEVIgM阳性率分别是0.11%和0.16%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.63,P>0.05)。食品类从业人员抗-HEV-IgM阳性率(0.17%)高于公共场所类从业人员(0.06%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=3.906,P<0.05)。不同季节、不同性别间抗-HEV-IgM阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。追踪复查结果显示有2人抗-HEV-IgM在295 d和265 d仍保持阳性。结论该地区属于感染率低流行区域,但生猪肉食品从业人员感染率较高,建议加强生猪肉食品从业人员定期检查和戊型肝炎病毒疫苗免疫接种。
Objective To understand the status of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection among practitioners and provide a scientific basis for controlling the spread of HEV. Methods ALT and anti-HEV-IgM were detected in 13 369 employees in Anlu City from 2014 to 2015 and 184 raw meat salesmen in 2015. The results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 19 anti-HEV-IgM positive samples were detected in 13 553 practitioners from 2014 to 2015, with a total positive rate of 0.14%. Only 3 of the anti-HEV-IgM positive individuals had ALT abnormalities For young people. In 2014, the positive rate of HEVIgM in 2015 was 0.11% and 0.16% respectively, with no significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 0.63, P> 0.05). The positive rate of anti-HEV-IgM in food workers was higher than that in public places (0.17%) (0.06%), the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 3.906, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive rates of anti-HEV-IgM among different seasons (P> 0.05). The follow-up results showed that two anti-HEV-IgM remained positive at 295 days and 265 days. Conclusion The area belongs to the low infection prevalence area. However, the infection rate of raw pork food workers is high. It is suggested to strengthen the regular inspection of health workers and the vaccination of Hepatitis E virus vaccine.