分别检测６种结核菌ＤＮＡ提取方法的裂解效能、聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）扩增灵敏度及其对临床标本的阳性检出率。结果显示，ＴＥ－ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ法和Ｃｈｅｌｅｘ－１００法能裂解绝大多数的细菌并具最高的敏感性，可检测出少至１０个菌细胞，其临床标本的阳性检出率分别为９３．３％和８６．６％；而其余４种方法效果较差，ＴＥ－Ｔｒｉｔｏｎ和Ｃｈｅｌｅｘ－１００两种沸水浴法简捷、经济、高效，值得临床实验室推广使用。 The efficiency of lysis, the sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and the positive detection rate of the six kinds of TB DNA extraction methods to clinical samples were tested respectively. The results showed that the TE-TritonX method and the Chelex-100 method could lyse the vast majority of bacteria with the highest sensitivity and could detect as few as 10 bacterial cells. The positive detection rates of clinical samples were 93.3% And 86.6%, respectively. The other four methods were less effective. TE-Triton and Chelex-100 two kinds of boiling water bath methods were simple, economical and efficient, which deserved to be popularized by clinical laboratories.