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根据目前平原农区经济发展的现状和林木生长的边行优势原理 ,设计了 6种双行大间距的杨农复合经营模式。试验点位于江苏省宝应县 ,于 1992年春植苗造林 ,供试杨树品种为NL - 80 35 1,农作物品种为小麦 ,6种杨树配置模式分别为Ⅰ :(3× 3)× 2 0m ;Ⅱ :(3× 3)× 30m ;Ⅲ :(3× 3)× 4 0m ;Ⅳ :(4× 4 )× 2 0m ;Ⅴ :(4× 4 )× 30m ;Ⅵ :(4× 4 )× 4 0m。根据调查研究的资料 ,本文主要探讨了小麦不同物候期内不同杨农复合经营模式中小气候条件的时空变异 ,不同模式对农作物产量和质量的影响 ,生物生产力及光能利用率的差异及其经济效益评价。研究结果表明 :(1)杨农复合经营模式降低了作物面层上的太阳总辐射和温度 ,提高了作物面层上的相对湿度。与单农经营相比 ,不同复合模式及不同物候期内太阳总辐射和光照强度降低了 3 9%～ 36 2 % ,相对湿度提高了 2 5 %～ 3 9%。(2 )杨农复合经营对小麦的产量和质量有较大影响。与单农经营相比 ,小麦千粒重和单位面积产量均有所下降 ,但不同间作模式下降的幅度存在较大差异 ,而小麦中淀粉含量和蛋白质含量均明显高于单农经营 ,平均分别高12 1%和 18 3%。 (3)林分 7年生时 ,6种杨粮 (小麦 )间作模式的生物生产力、光能利用率和经济效益均高于单农经营 ,其大小顺
According to the present situation of economic development in the plain farms and the principle of edge growth of trees, six kinds of Yangnong compound management modes with large double spacing are designed. The test site was located in Baoying County, Jiangsu Province. In the spring of 1992, plantation and seedling afforestation were conducted. The tested poplar varieties were NL - 80 35 1, the crop varieties were wheat, and the arrangement patterns of the six poplars were Ⅰ: (3 × 3) × 20m; Ⅱ: (3 × 3) × 30m; Ⅲ: (3 × 3) × 4 0m; Ⅳ: (4 × 4) × 2 0m; Ⅴ: (4 × 4) × 30m; Ⅵ: (4 × 4) × 4 0m. According to the data of the investigation and study, this paper mainly discussed the spatio-temporal variation of microclimate conditions in different Yangnong peasant cooperative management modes in different phenophase periods, the effects of different models on the yield and quality of crops, the difference of biological productivity and light energy utilization and its economy Benefit Evaluation. The results show that: (1) Yangnong compound management mode reduces the total solar radiation and temperature on the surface layer of crops and increases the relative humidity on the surface layer of crops. Compared with monoculture, the total solar radiation and light intensity decreased by 39% ~ 36 2% and relative humidity by 25% ~ 39% in different composite modes and different phenophases. (2) Yangnong compound management has great influence on the yield and quality of wheat. Compared with monoculture, wheat grain yield per unit area and grain yield decreased, but there was a big difference in decreasing range among different intercropping modes. However, starch content and protein content in wheat were significantly higher than those in monoculture 1% and 18 3%. (3) Biomass productivity, light energy utilization rate and economic efficiency of the six kinds of Yang-grain (wheat) intercropping patterns were all higher than those of single-cropping when the 7-year stand was