对管理实践的积极探索和新学说、新观点的不断涌现，正在成为管理科学跨入新世纪的显著标志。在战略管理领域，这种变化尤为引人注目。近十几年来，受到经济全球化和技术创新浪潮的推动，企业之间的竞争范围日益扩大，在价格、质量、技术、服务和促销等方面的竞争日趋激化... The active exploration of management practices and the continuous emergence of new theories and new points of view are becoming prominent signs that management science has stepped into the new century. This change is particularly noticeable in the area of ​​strategic management. In recent decades, driven by the tide of economic globalization and technological innovation, the competition among enterprises has been expanding. Competition in price, quality, technology, service and promotion has intensified.