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宪法是国家的根本大法,但在我国宪法实践中,却存在着两种悖论:第一种,一方面违宪的法律、法规、规章的确存在,另一方面全国人大及其常委会迄今尚未撤销一例违宪的法律、法规、规章等;第二种,一方面违宪是最严重的违法行为,另一方面恰恰是最严重的违法行为却无相应的司法追究机制和司法救济机制。违宪审查制度一直是宪法学界较为关注和争论的议题。为了监督和保证宪法的实施,必须建立相应的违宪审查制度,这已成为我国理论和实践的共识。但宪法基本制度至今未能建立起来。本文仅从法律层面分析这一制度建立的主要障碍,并提出应对措施。
However, there are two kinds of paradoxes in our country’s constitution practice. The first one is that on the one hand, laws, regulations and rules of unconstitutional existence do exist. On the other hand, the NPC and its standing committee have not revoked so far A case of unconstitutional laws, regulations, rules and so on; the second one, unconstitutional is the most serious illegal act, on the other hand it is precisely the most serious violations without a corresponding judicial accountability and judicial relief mechanisms. Unconstitutional censorship has always been a topic of concern and controversy in constitutional scholarship. In order to supervise and guarantee the implementation of the Constitution, we must establish a corresponding review system of unconstitutionality, which has become the consensus of our country’s theory and practice. However, the basic constitutional system has not been established so far. This article only analyzes the main obstacles established by this system from the legal aspect and puts forward the countermeasures.