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在东北黑土区,以先玉335和军单8两个玉米品种为试验材料,在70、65、60、50 cm 4种种植行距下,研究不同春玉米品种干物质积累、转移、分配规律及子粒产量的差异。结果表明,生育后期50 cm和70 cm行距下的干物质积累量显著高于60 cm和65 cm行距处理;干物质在子粒中的分配比例,70 cm和50 cm行距处理显著高于65 cm和60 cm行距处理;70 cm和50 cm行距处理下玉米干物质积累总量高,能够保持较高的子粒积累量。70 cm和50 cm行距处理到生育末期保持了较高的营养器官分配比例,延缓了叶、茎、鞘等光合器官衰老,延长了功能期。其他器官向子粒的干物质转移主要来自茎和叶,但是转移量都不超过子粒总量的6%,子粒产量的主要来源是光合产物的积累和直接分配。
In the northeastern black soil region, two maize cultivars, Xian-yu 335 and Jundan 8, were used as test materials to study the accumulation, transfer and distribution of dry matter in different spring maize varieties under the planting spacing of 70, 65, 60 and 50 cm. Differences in grain yield. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation at row spacing of 50 cm and 70 cm in late growth stage was significantly higher than that at row spacing of 60 cm and 65 cm. The partitioning proportion of dry matter in kernels, row spacing at 70 cm and 50 cm was significantly higher than that at 65 cm and 60 cm row spacing treatment. The total dry matter accumulation of maize under 70 cm and 50 cm row spacing was high, which could maintain the high grain accumulation. The treatment of 70 cm and 50 cm spacing maintained a higher ratio of vegetative organs to the end of growth and delayed the photosynthetic organ aging of leaves, stems and sheaths and prolonged the functional period. The dry matter translocation from other organs to the seed mainly stems and leaves, but the amount of transfer did not exceed 6% of the total grain yield, the main source of grain yield is the accumulation and direct distribution of photosynthate.