论文部分内容阅读
制备适合蘑菇生长的培养料是栽培蘑菇的关键。随着蘑菇生产在我国的迅速发展,广大蘑菇种植者希望有一种快速有效的蘑菇培养料发酵新技术,以克服目前二次发酵技术周期长、费工多、耗能大的缺点。为此,我们于1987年开始进行蘑菇培养料发酵新技术的研究,制成了适于制备蘑菇培养料的“增温发酵剂”,并以此为基础,建立了一套蘑菇培养料节能、快速、床式发酵的新技术,现将结果简报如下:(一)增温发酵剂的制备在掌握国内外最新研究动向的基础上,我们在国内首次分离筛选到可用于蘑菇堆肥的微生物,并以此为基础制成了适用于制备蘑菇培养料的“增温发酵剂”。(二)应用增温发酵剂进行蘑菇培养料发酵根据增温发酵剂的最佳生长条件和二次发酵的原理,同时参照国外短期发酵技术和室内发酵方法,并结合国内常规堆制发酵的操作步骤,我们建立了一套在生产上行之有效的节能、快速、床式蘑菇培养料发酵新技术。其具体流程为:稻草的切割和预湿一预堆一添加增温发酵剂一培养料进房床式发酵一翻格播种一管理采收。与二次发酵技术相比,每堆制111.1米~2培养料,应用这技术可省煤150～300公斤,省工8～10个,缩短周期5～10天。
Preparation of mushrooms suitable for the growth of mushroom cultivation is the key. With the rapid development of mushroom production in our country, the majority of mushroom growers hope that there will be a fast and effective new technology of fermentation of mushroom culture materials in order to overcome the shortcomings of the current secondary fermentation technology such as long cycle time, heavy labor and high energy consumption. To this end, we started in 1987, mushroom culture material fermentation of new technologies, made suitable for the preparation of mushroom culture material “warming leavening agent”, and on this basis, established a set of mushroom culture material energy saving, Fast, bed fermentation of the new technology, the results will now briefing as follows: (A) Preparation of warming leaven In the grasp of the latest research trends at home and abroad, based on the first time in China for screening and separation of microorganisms can be used for mushroom compost, and Based on this, a “warming starter” suitable for preparing mushroom culture material was prepared. (B) the application of warming fermentation agent for mushroom culture material fermentation According to the optimum growth conditions and the principle of secondary fermentation, at the same time with reference to foreign short-term fermentation technology and indoor fermentation methods, combined with conventional domestic fermentation operation Step, we have established a set of efficient production in the energy-saving, fast, bed mushroom culture fermentation of new technologies. The specific process is: cutting and pre-wetting a straw pre-added a warming temperature a culture material into the bed-bed fermentation a transcoding sowing a management harvesting. Compared with the secondary fermentation technology, each pile of 111.1 m ~ 2 culture material, the application of this technology can save 150 to 300 kg, saving 8 to 10, shorten the cycle of 5 to 10 days.