一、引言营养是生物与环境的最主要连系,生体维持其正常活动,首先必须保证其食物中有适宜的营养供给。适宜的营养不但可以预防疾病,而且可以增进健康,加强抵抗力,提高工作效率,延长人类寿命。恩格斯以为食物种类的增加是动物进化的重要因素之一(尤其肉食对人脑的发生上有极大的影响)。是十分正确的。我国吴宪及其同事证明素食白鼠的代谢率、生长率、生殖力及疾病抵抗力都较荤食者为差;在巴甫洛夫实验室中,证明营养不良的狗不易形成条件反射,更是众所周知。所以营养不仅与个人卫生有关,而且 I. INTRODUCTION Nutrition is the most important link between biology and environment. Organisms maintain their normal activities. First, they must ensure that their foods have proper nutrition supply. Appropriate nutrition can not only prevent diseases, but also improve health, strengthen resistance, improve work efficiency and extend human life expectancy. Engels thought that the increase of food types is one of the important factors in the evolution of animals (especially meat has a great impact on the human brain). Is very correct. Wu Xian and colleagues in our country proved that the metabolic rate, growth rate, reproductive capacity and disease resistance of vegetarian rats are worse than those of the non-vegetarians. In Pavlov’s labs, malnourished dogs proved to be less susceptible to conditioned reflexes. It is well known. So nutrition is not only related to personal hygiene, but also