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目的:了解温岭市肺结核的流行状况,为制订肺结核的防控措施提供科学依据。方法:对温岭市2005-2009年肺结核疫情进行描述性流行病学分析。结果:5年肺结核年均发病率为63.79/10万,新发涂阳病人登记率为24.07/10万;4 044例肺结核患者中,民工占30.89%,学生占2.75%(高中学生肺结核占学生肺结核的63.06%)。流动人口较多的5个镇(街道),流动人口病例占53.93%。涂阳患者中,81.18%的常住人口从出现症状到确诊天数大于两周,病例发现较迟。结论:需要加大转诊追踪、体检筛查、村医因症推荐等措施以提高新发涂阳病人发现率。加强以“咳嗽、咳痰≥2周或咳血是肺结核病主要可疑症状”为核心知识内容的宣传,提高群众早检查、早诊断的意识,做到早发现。流动人口和高中学生肺结核的防控已成为温岭市结核病防治工作的两项首要任务。
Objective: To understand the prevalence of tuberculosis in Wenling and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of tuberculosis. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological analysis of tuberculosis in Wenling from 2005 to 2009 was conducted. Results: The annual average incidence of tuberculosis was 63.79 / 100 000 in 5 years and 24.07 / 100 000 in newly smear-positive patients. Among 4 044 tuberculosis patients, migrant workers accounted for 30.89% and students accounted for 2.75% (high school students accounting for students with tuberculosis 63.06% of tuberculosis). The five towns (streets) with more floating population accounted for 53.93% of the floating population. Smear positive patients, 81.18% of the resident population from the onset of symptoms to the diagnosis of more than two weeks, the case was found later. Conclusion: There is a need to increase the referral and follow-up, physical screening and village medical reasons to improve the detection rate of new smear-positive patients. Strengthen the “cough, sputum ≥ 2 weeks or hemoptysis is the main suspicious symptoms of tuberculosis” as the core content of the publicity, improve the early detection of the masses, early diagnosis of awareness, so early detection. The prevention and control of floating population and tuberculosis among high school students have become the two most important tasks in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in Wenling City.