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塔里木盆地下古生界碳酸盐岩经历大气降水的地表岩溶、有机流体的埋藏溶蚀、深部岩浆热液流体的热液溶蚀等多种类型的次生溶蚀改造作用。以塔河油田为例,奥陶系碳酸盐岩在加里东中期、海西早期和海西晚期经历3次强烈的地表岩溶作用,分别在塔河油田西部和南部、塔河主体区以及塔河地区西北部发育。受加里东期、晚海西期、喜马拉雅期油气充注成藏影响,碳酸盐岩在有机流体作用下发生多次埋藏溶蚀作用,叠加在早期已有储集空间之上,在塔河地区奥陶系一间房组尖灭线以南的碳酸盐岩中较为发育。伴随海西晚期(二叠纪)强烈而广泛的岩浆—火山活动,深部热液流体也异常活跃,使碳酸盐岩发生显著的溶蚀改造作用,主要发育在塔河地区西部和西南部且叠加在早期已有储集空间之上。由此可以看出,碳酸盐岩储集空间的发育并不是在单一机制短期作用下形成的,而是多种流体作用复合叠加、长期动态发育的结果。
The Lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks in the Tarim Basin experienced various types of secondary dissolution processes such as surface karstification of atmospheric precipitation, burial dissolution of organic fluids and hydrothermal dissolution of deep magmatic hydrothermal fluids. Taking Tahe Oilfield as an example, Ordovician carbonate rocks underwent three intense surface karstification in the middle of Caledonian, early Hercynian and late Hercynian respectively in the west and south of Tahe Oilfield, River area northwest development. Under the influence of hydrocarbon filling and accumulation in the Caledonian, Late Hercynian and Himalayan periods, carbonate burial dissolution occurred under the effect of organic fluids, superimposed on the reservoir space already existed in the early stage. In the Tahe area Ordovician a room group pinnacle line south of the more developed carbonate rocks. Along with the strong and extensive magmatic-volcanic activities in the late Hercynian (Permian), the hydrothermal fluids in the deep are also very active, leading to significant dissolution and remodeling of carbonate rocks, mainly in the western and southwestern parts of the Tahe region and superimposed In the early have storage space above. It can be seen from this that the development of carbonate reservoir space is not formed under the action of a single mechanism for a short period of time but rather as a result of multiple fluid interactions and long-term dynamic development.