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有机物的分子结构与反应性能的关系,是理论有机化学研究的主要问题之一。目前,在这方面不仅掌握了很多定性的规律,而且进行了一些定量关系的研究,取得了很大的进展。过去曾有不少化学工作者对分子结构与化学活性的关系作过定量的处理,其中以Hammett提出的定量关系式的应用最广,并且有了进一步的发展。本文主要介绍在Hammett方程式的基础上发展起来的定量关系式及其应用。
The relationship between molecular structure and reactivity of organic matter is one of the major problems in theoretical organic chemistry. At present, not only many qualitative laws have been mastered in this respect, but also some quantitative studies have been conducted and great progress has been made. In the past, many chemists have dealt with quantitatively the relationship between molecular structure and chemical activity. Among them, the quantitative relation proposed by Hammett is the most widely used and has been further developed. This paper mainly introduces the quantitative relationship developed based on the Hammett equation and its application.