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[目的]掌握南昌口岸鼠类及其携带体外寄生虫和病原体的情况,为控制媒介传染病提供依据。[方法]从1999年12月～2000年12月对南昌口岸的鼠密度、种群及其体外寄生虫和携带的病原体情况进行了本底调查。[结果]共捕鼠232只,经鉴定隶属2目2科4属7种,鼠类种群有小家鼠、褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、黑线姬鼠、黄毛鼠、小林姬鼠、臭鼩鼱。昌北机场的优势鼠种为小家鼠;昌北码头、滕王阁码头及李家庄仓库的优势鼠种为褐家鼠。全年平均鼠密度为2.64％,4个调查点鼠密度季节消长不一致。鼠体外寄生虫有蚤、螨、蜱3种,携带寄生虫率为37.5％。采用显微镜凝集试验检测鼠肾携带钩端螺旋体,54份检样均为阴性。[结论]本次调查基本摸清了南昌口岸鼠类及体外寄生虫和携带病原体的情况,为今后防治鼠类提供了依据。
[Objective] To grasp the situation of rodents and pathogens carrying parasites in Nanchang port and provide the basis for controlling vector-borne infectious diseases. [Method] From December 1999 to December 2000, the background of rat density, population, ectoparasites and pathogens in Nanchang port were investigated. [Result] A total of 232 trapping mice were identified. There were 7 species, 4 genera, 2 families, 2 families, 2 species of 4 genera and 2 species of rodents. The rodent species were Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus, Apodemus agrarius, Smelly 鼩 鼱. The advantage of Changbei Airport rats for the Mus musculus; Chang North Pier, Tengwang Ge terminal and Li Jia Zhuang warehouse for the advantages of rodents. The average annual rat density was 2.64%, and there was inconsistency in the seasonal fluctuation of the rat density at the four survey sites. Ectoparasites were fleas, mites and ticks, carrying parasite rates of 37.5%. Microscopic agglutination test was performed on the kidney of mice to carry Leptospira, 54 samples were negative. [Conclusion] This survey basically found out the situation of rodents and ectoparasites and carriers of pathogens in Nanchang port and provided the basis for the prevention and control of rodents in the future.