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目的：用视网膜电图（ＥＲＧ）与暗适应（ＤＡ）检测评价视网膜色素变性（ＲＰ）患者视杆细胞和视锥细胞的功能改变。方法：１００例ＲＰ患者（１９８眼）和正常人３０例（６０眼）对照研究，应用Ｎｉｃｏ－ｌｅｔｃｏｍｐａｃｔＩＶ电生理仪和Ｆｒｉｅｄｍａｎｎ视野计（ＦＶＦＡ）ＭＫ２程序分析分别作ＥＲＧ和暗适应（ＤＡ）检查。结果：９３例ＲＰ患者１８４眼ＥＲＧ正常者４眼（２．１％），ｂ波近消失者１２０眼（６５．２％），ｂ波降低者６０眼（３２．６％）。后者多数呈杆一锥型损害，少数呈锥杆型损害。８９例１７０眼ＤＡ检查发现８４．７％光敏感阈值升高，６８．８％严重升高。结论：大多数ＲＰ患者杆体细胞最先受损，部分病例锥体细胞似乎活性损害在前，其次是锥、杆细胞广泛损害。
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functional changes of rods and cones of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) using electroretinography (ERG) and dark adaptation (DA). METHODS: A control study was performed in 100 RP patients (198 eyes) and 30 normal subjects (60 eyes). ERG and dark adaptation (DA) were examined using the Nico-letcompact IV electromyography and the FVFA MK2 program, respectively. Results: There were 4 eyes (2.1%) in 184 eyes of 93 patients with RP, 120 eyes (65.2%) of b disappeared, and 60 eyes (32.6%) of b decreased. Most of the latter was a conical pole damage, a few were cone-type damage. In 89 cases of 170 eye DA examinations, 84.7% light sensitivity thresholds were elevated and 68.8% were significantly elevated. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the somatic cells of RP are initially impaired, and in some cases pyramidal cells appear to be pre-cancerous, followed by cones and extensive damage of rod cells.