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我们先看一个例题:真空中有两个静止的点电荷Q_1、Q_2,相距18 cm,其中Q_1带正电,电荷量为1.8×10~(-12)C,它们之间的引力为F=1.0×10~(-12)N,求Q_2所带的电荷量及电性?这是一个直接代入数字运算的简单题,但从高二年级3个教学班171名学生的答案统计来看,正确率仅有50.1%,大大出乎意料。仔细分析卷面后,发现学生的错误表现为:一是数字计算的错误,二是数量级计算错误,三是有效数字的保留错误。其中后两个错误占绝大多数。由此,结合多年的物理教学经历以及学生在高考
Let us take a look at an example. There are two quiescent point charges Q_1 and Q_2 in the vacuum, separated by 18 cm. Among them, Q_1 is positively charged and its charge is 1.8 × 10 ~ (-12) C. The gravitation between them is F = 1.0 × 10 ~ (-12) N, to find Q 2 with the amount of charge and electrical? This is a direct substitution into the numerical calculation of the simple question, but from the second grade three teaching 171 students in the answer statistics, the correct Rate of only 50.1%, greatly unexpected. After careful analysis of the surface, students found that the error performance: First, the numerical calculation error, the second is the order of magnitude calculation error, the third is the effective number of the reservation error. The latter two errors accounted for the vast majority. As a result, combined with many years of physical teaching experience and students in college entrance examination