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简述了基于两种不同看法的塑性变形的理论处理,即:把材料看作连续介质,或把材料看作由位错运动引起塑性流动的晶体。然后讨论了应变率无关材料中和应变率相关材料中应力波传播的理论和试验工作。 描述了研究应变率效应的现有试验方法,并给出了在涉及约八个数量级的应变率下试验的各种金属和合金的结果。这些结果用几个较重要的应变率控制机制作了 讨论。 最后,注意了对应变率相关力学性能具有意义的几个重要实际问题,并提出了需要进一步研究的有关领域。
The theoretical treatment of plastic deformation based on two different viewpoints is briefly described: the material is considered as a continuum or the material is considered as a crystal that is caused by the plastic flow of dislocation motion. Then the theory and experimental work on the stress wave propagation in the strain-rate-dependent material is discussed. Describes the existing test methods for studying strain rate effects and presents the results of various metals and alloys tested at strain rates involving about eight orders of magnitude. These results are discussed with several of the more important strain rate control mechanisms. Finally, several important practical problems that have significance for strain rate related mechanical properties are noted, and related fields that need further study are put forward.