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第二次世战后,科学领域里发生了两件事,第一、欧洲一部分社会科学家、人文学家和哲学家于一九四七年成立了“科学统一研究所”,第二、美国麻省理工学院教授威纳(N·Wiener)综合运用数学、物理学、化学以及心理学、生理学和生物学的知识创造了“控制论”。此举给人们一个启示,即如何利用各类有关科学知识来研究人类行为。一九四九年在美国芝加哥大学一次跨学科的会议上,讨论了有无可能用现成的科学知识来发展有关行为的理论。会后,又做了很多工作,行为科学终被国际社会所接受。 多年来,行为科学理论的发展与实践,提高了西方国家企业和劳动生产率,并逐步形成了现代管理中的一个学派。
After World War II, two things happened in the field of science. First, some social scientists, humanists and philosophers in Europe established the Institute for the Unification of Sciences in 1947, and secondly, the United States Professor Wiener of the Polytechnic Institute created “Cybernetics” using a combination of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and psychology, physiology and biology. The move gives people a revelation, that is, how to use all kinds of scientific knowledge to study human behavior. In an interdisciplinary conference at the University of Chicago in the United States in 1949, he discussed the possibility of developing the theory of behavior with readily available scientific knowledge. After the meeting, a lot of work has been done and behavioral science has finally been accepted by the international community. Over the years, the development and practice of behavioral science theory have raised the enterprises and labor productivity in western countries and gradually formed a school of modern management.