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目的:了解壮族人群出生缺陷发生情况,为提高壮族出生人口素质,努力减少壮族人群出生缺陷的发生,同时也为提高我国出生人口素质提供借鉴。方法:监测居住在武鸣县的壮族产妇(包括本地户口以及非本地户口在监测地区居住一年以上的产妇)2008年1月1日~2009年12月31日所分娩妊娠满28周(如孕周不清楚,可参考出生体重达1 000 g及以上)至生后42天的胎婴儿。结果:2008年1月1日~2009年12月31日应监测父母双方均为壮族胎婴儿12 087例,实监测11 738例,实监测人数占应监测人数的97.11%。出生缺陷139例,出生缺陷发生率11.84‰,其中在监测期间死亡53例,出生缺陷死亡率为38.13%。结论:壮族人群出生缺陷主要为多指(趾)、胎儿水肿综合征及尿道下裂。建议采取加大宣传力度,加强业务培训,政府加大经济投入力度,推广免费意愿婚前医学检查、产前检查及产前筛查服务等措施,努力降低壮族人群出生缺陷率,提高出生人口素质。
Objective: To understand the birth defects of Zhuang nationality population, to improve the quality of Zhuang population, to reduce birth defects of Zhuang people, and to provide reference for improving the quality of the birth population in our country. Methods: Monitors of Zhuang women living in Wuming County (including local residents and non-local permanent residents living in the monitoring area for more than one year) were delivered from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2009, with gestational age of 28 weeks Gestational age is not clear, refer to birth weight up to 1 000 g and above) to 42 days after birth, baby fetus. Results: From January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2009, 12 087 infants born to both parents were monitored, 11 738 real cases were monitored, and 97.11% of real cases were monitored. 139 cases of birth defects, the incidence of birth defects 11.84 ‰, of which 53 cases were killed during the monitoring, birth defects mortality was 38.13%. CONCLUSION: The birth defects in Zhuang are mainly multi-finger, fetal edema syndrome and hypospadias. Suggestions to increase publicity efforts, strengthen business training, the government to increase economic investment efforts to promote free will prenuptial medical examination, prenatal care and prenatal screening services and other measures to reduce the birth defect rate Zhuang population and improve the quality of the birth population.