为有效解决深部煤炭开采过程中回采巷道围岩失稳严重、变形破坏剧烈等问题,利用室内试验测试、围岩结构观测、地应力原位测量及现场监测等手段,分析得出巷道围岩地质力学属性和原岩应力分布特征,并结合矿井生产技术条件对巷道围岩进行地质力学评估和稳定性分类。以淮北朱仙庄煤矿10煤的Ⅱ1053工作面为工程背景,构建基于地质力学评估的巷道分类控制支护体系,并对该工作面回采巷道支护参数进行优化设计。用FLAC3D数值模拟和井下监测等技术方法,对掘进及回采期间巷道围岩应力、位移、锚杆受力及塑性区分布特征等进行分析。结果表明,将试验测试和现场数据资料相结合,以地质力学评估为基础的巷道分类支护技术明显优于以往经验设计法,能有效保障回采工作面的安全快速推进。 In order to effectively solve the problems of severe instability and severe deformation and failure of the surrounding rock in the mining roadway in the process of deep coal mining, this paper analyzes the surrounding rock geology of the roadway by means of laboratory test, surrounding rock structure observation, in-situ stress measurement and field monitoring Mechanical properties and stress distribution characteristics of the original rock, and combined with mine production technical conditions on the roadway surrounding rock geomechanical assessment and stability classification. Based on the Ⅱ1053 working face of No. 10 coal in Zhu Xianzhuang Coal Mine, Huaibei, as the engineering background, the classification and control support system of roadway based on the geomechanical assessment was established and the optimal design of the supporting parameters of the roadway in this working face was optimized. By using FLAC3D numerical simulation and downhole monitoring, the stress and displacement of surrounding rock during tunneling and excavation and the distribution characteristics of anchorage force and plastic zone are analyzed. The results show that combining the test and field data, the technology of roadway classification and support based on geomechanical assessment is obviously better than the previous experience design method, which can effectively ensure the safe and rapid progress of mining face.