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差动激光陀螺是捷联式惯性制导的一个重要进展。它的四个同时振荡的模使它具有激光陀螺所固有的许多优点.而又消除了目前双模陀螺装置的许多缺点。差动激光陀螺的概念是使用两个完整的,在同一光学谐振腔内工作的激光陀螺仪。这两个陀螺仪利用它们的偏振状态互相区别:一个是右旋圆偏振,另一个是左旋圆偏振。这两个陀螺仪依靠相同的法拉第元件偏移出它们各自的死区。因为它们的偏振状态相反,所以它们对于一个给定的旋转输入速度的反应,是大小相等而方向相反的频移。当将一个陀螺的输出从另一个陀螺的输出中减去时,其结果是速度灵敏度增加一倍,而公共的法拉第偏频作用则抵消了。用这种方式工作的差动激光陀螺仪对法拉第偏频的变化不受影响。因此对法拉第元件的稳定性并无要求。此外,差动激光陀螺不再需要无论是机械的还是电的颤动偏频。本文研究了这些特点以及差动激光陀螺的另外一些特性,使陀螺性能得到了重要改进。内容包括减小屏蔽的要求,消除所有的活动部件(包括那些与腔长控制有关的部件)以及在收集数据和自校准能力方面的优点。
Differential laser gyro is strapdown inertial guidance is an important progress. Its four simultaneous oscillating modes give it many of the advantages inherent in a laser gyro while eliminating many of the shortcomings of current dual-mode gyro devices. The concept of a differential laser gyro uses two complete laser gyros that work in the same optical cavity. The two gyroscopes use their polarization states to be different from each other: one is right-handed circularly polarized and the other is left-handed circularly polarized. The two gyros rely on the same Faraday element to offset their respective dead zones. Because of their opposite polarization states, their response to a given rotational input speed is a frequency shift of equal magnitude and opposite direction. When the output of one gyro is subtracted from the output of the other gyro, the result is a doubling of the speed sensitivity, while the common Faraday offset cancels out. The differential laser gyro operating in this manner is not affected by changes in the Faraday bias. There is therefore no requirement for the stability of the Faraday elements. In addition, differential laser gyros eliminate the need for mechanical or electrical chattering. This paper studies these features and some other features of the differential laser gyro, the gyro performance has been an important improvement. This includes reducing the need for shielding, eliminating all moving parts, including those related to cavity length control, and the advantages of collecting data and self-calibration capabilities.