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目的了解北京市海淀区托幼园所儿童伤害的发生情况,为制定和调整托幼园所儿童伤害预防及干预措施提供依据。方法通过北京市妇幼保健网络信息系统收集2010—2014年海淀区托幼园所儿童伤害上报资料,采用描述统计和趋势χ2检验进行分析。结果 2010—2014年北京市海淀区托幼园所儿童伤害发生率从0.60%降至0.45%(χ2趋势=19.21,P<0.05)。前5位儿童伤害类型分别为跌伤、钝器伤、他伤/攻击伤、锐器伤和窒息,且不同年龄组儿童伤害顺位略有不同。除2014年外,同一年度不同年龄组儿童伤害发生率不同(χ2值分别为11.73,15.47,7.68,33.51,P值均<0.05),1~2岁儿童伤害发生率最高。同一年度不同性质托幼园所伤害发生率不同,由机关企业办托幼园所伤害发生率最高(χ2值分别为20.71,11.13,8.85,13.26,27.57,P值均<0.05)。结论 2010—2014年海淀区托幼园所儿童伤害发生率呈现下降趋势。应根据不同年龄段主要伤害类型有针对性地开展预防儿童伤害工作,强化对机关企业办托幼园所的安全管理和监督。
Objective To understand the occurrence of child injury in kindergartens in Haidian District, Beijing, and provide the basis for the development and adjustment of child injury prevention and intervention measures in kindergartens. Methods The data of child injury reporting in kindergartens in Haidian District from 2010 to 2014 were collected through the Beijing MCH network information system and analyzed by using descriptive statistics and trend χ2 test. Results The incidence of childhood injury among nurseries and kindergartens in Haidian District in Beijing from 2010 to 2014 decreased from 0.60% to 0.45% (χ2 = 19.21, P <0.05). The first five children were injured, blunt trauma, injury / attack, sharp injury and asphyxiation, respectively, and injuries among children of different age groups were slightly different. Except for 2014, the incidence of injuries among children of different age groups in the same year was different (χ2 = 11.73, 15.47, 7.68, and 33.51, respectively, P <0.05), and injuries were highest among children aged 1-2 years. In the same year, the incidence of injuries of kindergartens of different nature was different, and the injury rate was highest among the kindergartens entrusted by government agencies (χ2 = 20.71,11.13,8.85,13.26,27.57, P <0.05 respectively). Conclusion The incidence of child injury in kindergartens in Haidian District decreased from 2010 to 2014. The prevention of child injury should be targeted according to the types of major injuries at different ages and the safety management and supervision over the institutions and enterprises kindergartens should be strengthened.