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目的 评价DKI对乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别能力.方法 采用GE 3.0 T 750 Plus MRI扫描仪及乳腺专用线圈对40例怀疑有乳腺肿块的女性患者行乳腺常规磁共振扫描及动态增强扫描,另加乳腺DKI扫描,其中DKI技术应用了单次激发的EPI序列,25个扩散方向及四个b值(0,600,1200,1800 s/mm2).所有病变均有手术或穿刺病理结果.将扫描结果在AW 4.6工作站进行后处理,测量病变区DKI的相关参数MD及MK值,并对测量结果进行统计学分析.结果 良性病变的MD值是(1.96±0.35)×10 3 mm2/s较恶性病变MD值(1.43±0.31)×10-3 mm2/s高,且有统计学意义(P＜0.05);良性病变的MK值是(0.41±0.22)较恶性病变MK值(0.67±0.15)低,且有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 DKI定量分析可以反应乳腺良恶性病变的微结构的不同,从而有助于二者的鉴别.“,”Objective To evaluate diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in the differentiation and characterization of breast lesions.Methods 40 women underwent DKI with b-values of 0,600,1200,and 1800 s/mm2 as well as dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI.The mean diffusivity (MD) and mean kurtosis (MK) values of the pathologically confirmed benign and malignant lesions were measured on the GE AW 4.6 workstation,and compared with the SPSS 19.0 software.Results The MD of benign lesions (1.96±0.35× 10-3 mm2/s) was significantly higher (P＜0.05) than that of malignant lesions (1.43±0.31 × 10-3 mm2/s) whereas the MK value (0.41±0.22) was significantly lower (P＜0.05) than that of malignant lesions (0.67±0.15).Conclusion DKI allows quantitative analysis of the microstructure difference between benign and malignant breast lesions.