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为了揭示延迟喷油定时,加强进气冷却及使用低硫、低芳香烃柴油对机车柴油机燃油经济性和排放的影响,进行了大量的试验研究。给出了两台12缸机车柴油机稳态工况下的气体和颗粒排放物数据。这两台实验室试验研究用发动机,一台是EMD645E3B,另一台是GE7FDL,标定功率均为1860kW,是北美内燃机车的主型机。分别对两种柴油机进行了总的碳氢化合物(HC)、一氧化碳(CO)、氧化氮(NOx)和颗粒物值,(PM)排放量试验。分别在标定转速和负荷、空转及中间转速和负荷这三种稳态工况下进行了排放测量。在EMD柴油机上进行试验的结果表明,延迟喷油定时4°,同时加强中冷并使用低硫和低芳香烃柴油,结果使NOx从10.5g/(马力·h)(14.28g/(kW.h))减少到7.2g/(马力·h);然而,颗粒却从0.15g/(马力·h)增加到0.19g/(马力·h),且燃油效率恶化4.3％。对GE柴油机进行的试验亦得到了类似的结果。本文介绍了试验机的细节、测量方法和测得的排放结果。
In order to reveal the delayed injection timing, enhance the intake cooling and the use of low sulfur, low aromatic hydrocarbon diesel locomotive diesel fuel economy and emissions, conducted a large number of experimental studies. The gas and particle emission data of two 12-cylinder diesel locomotives under steady-state conditions are given. The two laboratory test study engine, one is the EMD645E3B, the other is the GE7FDL, calibration power is 1860kW, is the mainframe of North American diesel locomotive. The two kinds of diesel engines were tested for total hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions respectively. The emission measurements were carried out under three steady-state conditions, ie, calibrated speed and load, idling and intermediate speed and load respectively. Experimental results on an EMD diesel engine showed that retarding the injection timing by 4 ° while boosting the intercooling and using low sulfur and low aromatic hydrocarbon diesel resulted in NO x shift from 10.5 g / hh to 14.28 g / kWh. h) to 7.2 g / hh; however, the particles increased from 0.15 g / hh to 0.19 gh / h and the fuel efficiency deteriorated by 4.3%. Tests on GE diesel engines also yielded similar results. This article describes the details of the testing machine, the measurement method and the measured emission results.