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目的通过分析某企业2009—2011年度职业健康检查情况,探讨有效的企业职业卫生管理模式,为其他企业的职业病防治工作提供参考依据。方法对海淀区某大型国企2009—2011年度职业健康检查结果进行分析,比较各年度的体检情况、职业禁忌证和疑似职业病和其他疾病的检出情况。结果该企业3年体检率分别为83.1%、89.8%、96.7%,2011年高于前2年;男性体检率为90.4%,女性体检率为84.6%;3年疑似职业病检出率分别为1.1%、1.1%、0.2%,2011年低于前2年;职业禁忌证检出率分别为3.0%、3.5%、2.4%,无显著差异。心电图改变3年检出率分别为4.1%、6.7%、9.7%,3年间差异有统计学意义;尿常规异常检出率分别为27.4%、34.5%、36.3%,3年间差异有统计学意义。结论该企业的疑似职业病、职业禁忌证的检出率逐年降低,但其他疾病的检出率却逐年增高。该结果可能与企业的职业卫生管理模式有关。应完善职业卫生管理,促进职业健康检查工作的开展,从而降低疑似职业病、职业禁忌证和其他疾病的检出率。
Objective To analyze the occupational health examination status of a certain enterprise from 2009 to 2011, and to explore the effective enterprise occupational health management mode to provide references for the prevention and control of occupational diseases in other enterprises. Methods The results of occupational health examination in 2009-2011 in a large state-owned enterprise in Haidian District were analyzed. The physical examination, occupational contraindications, suspected occupational diseases and other diseases in each year were compared. Results The three-year medical examination rate was 83.1%, 89.8% and 96.7% respectively, higher than the first two years in 2011. The male physical examination rate was 90.4% and the female physical examination rate was 84.6%. The detection rates of 3-year suspected occupational diseases were 1.1 %, 1.1% and 0.2% respectively, lower than the first 2 years of 2011. The detection rates of occupational contraindications were 3.0%, 3.5% and 2.4% respectively, with no significant difference. The detection rates of electrocardiogram changes in 3 years were 4.1%, 6.7% and 9.7%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant in 3 years. The abnormal rates of urine routine examination were 27.4%, 34.5% and 36.3% respectively, with significant difference in 3 years . Conclusion The detection rate of suspected occupational diseases and occupational contraindications decreased year by year, but the detection rate of other diseases increased year by year. The result may be related to the enterprise’s occupational health management model. Occupational health management should be improved to promote the development of occupational health examinations so as to reduce the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases, occupational contraindications and other diseases.