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干旱区绿洲农田需要通过渠道引水进行灌溉,在此过程中蒸发损失不可避免,尤其是在渠系广泛分布的情况下,蒸发损失量大,如何估算这部分量对于干旱区水资源管理至关重要.以甘肃张掖绿洲灌溉渠道为研究对象,采用Mihara所提供的基于能量平衡理论的经验方程,对渠道蒸发量进行了估算.结果表明:蒸发率在晴天时白天大于夜间,阴天时白天和夜间相差不大,气温和相对湿度是影响蒸发率的主要因子.累计蒸发量在晴天时白天是夜间的2倍左右,阴天时白天和夜间相差不大,蒸发率是直接原因.
In arid areas oasis farmland needs to be irrigated by water diversion through channels. In the process, evaporation loss is inevitable. Especially in the case of wide distribution channels, the evaporation loss is large. How to estimate this quantity is very important for water resources management in arid areas Taking the irrigation canal of Zhangye oasis in Gansu Province as an example, empirical equation based on energy balance theory provided by Mihara was used to estimate the evaporation of the channel.The results showed that the evaporation rate was greater in daytime than in nighttime in sunny day, Small, temperature and relative humidity are the main factors that affect the evaporation rate.Cumulative evaporation in sunny days is about 2 times in the daytime, cloudy daytime and nighttime, the evaporation rate is the direct cause.