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作为电加热元件广泛应用的铁铬铝电热合金,较镍铬电热合金具有许多优点:如可以节省大量的金属镍,价格便宜,比重小,电阻率高,单位面积负荷大,电阻温度系数小,使用温度高,寿命长等。但是铁铬铝合金也有缺点,因为它是一个铁素体组织的合金,生产工艺复杂,在铸态时易形成粗大柱状晶组织,锻造时容易引起裂纹,冷加工塑性差,冷拔时容易开裂,在高温下长期使用易发生严重变形,晶粒迅速长大,合金变脆,高温强度极差。我们在真空熔炼和大气熔炼两种条件下研究了不同稀土元素加入量的试验,寻求稀土元素的合适加入量及其对合金性能的影响。
As the electric heating element is widely used iron-chromium aluminum electric alloy, nickel-chromium electric alloy has many advantages over nickel-chromium electric alloy, such as can save a lot of nickel metal, cheap, small proportion, high resistivity, unit area load, temperature coefficient of resistance is small, High temperature, long life and so on. However, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy also has disadvantages, because it is a ferrite alloy, the production process is complex, easy to form coarse columnar grain structure in the as-cast state, forging easily lead to cracks, poor cold forming plasticity, easy to crack when cold drawn, Long-term use at high temperatures prone to severe deformation, the rapid growth of grains, alloys become brittle, high temperature strength is extremely poor. We studied the addition of different rare earth elements under both vacuum smelting and atmospheric smelting conditions to find out the suitable addition amount of rare earth elements and its effect on the properties of the alloy.