目的 观察神经衰弱的发病因素及心理护理的效果?方法从我院随机挑选并接受收治的88例神经衰弱患者作为研究对象，时间为2017年2月至2019年3月，并随机把研究对象分为常规组(n=44，给予一般护理)和试验组(n=44，给予心理护理)?对两组患者临床护理效果?不良症状发生情况?SAS?SDS 评分情况进行观察?并在医院周围小区中随机挑选200 名普通居民，利用问卷调查的形式，对神经衰弱的发病因素进行调查和分析?结果 神经衰弱患者更加容易感受到生活的压力，并且在人际关系的和谐程度?睡眠情况?自我调节能力方面，“,”Objective To observe the pathogenic factors of neurosis and the effect of psychological nursing. Methods Eighty-eight patients with neurasthenia were randomly selected from our hospital from February 2017 to March 2019. The subjects were randomly divided into routine group (n=44) and experimental group (n=44). The patients in the routine group were given general nursing and psychological nursing in the experimental group. The clinical nursing effect， adverse symptoms and SAS， SDS score of the two groups were observed. 200 ordinary residents were randomly selected from the neighborhood around the hospital， and the incidence factors of neurasthenia were investigated by questionnaire. Results Patients with neurosis were more likely to feel the stress of life， and their interpersonal harmony， sleep and self-regulation ability were lower than those of normal people (P<0.05). If the interpersonal relationship was more tense and the people with greater stress of life were more likely to be replaced with neurasthenia. After nursing， the total effective rate of clinical nursing in the experimental group was much higher than that in the routine group (P<0.05). There were 1 case of diarrhea and 1 case of constipation in the experimental group， 3 cases of diarrhea， 3 cases of constipation and 1 case of sleep disorder in the routine group. The incidence of adverse symptoms in the experimental group was much lower than that in the conventional group. After nursing， the SAS， SDS score of the patients in the experimental group was better than that in the routine group (P<0.05). Conclusion The main causes of neurasthenia are life stress， interpersonal relationship， sleep quality， self-regulation ability and so on. For the patients with neurosis， psychological nursing can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life of the patients， and has a high clinical application value.