目的　比较正中胸骨下段小切口与常规切口小儿心脏手术的结果。方法　 6 8例小儿分为两组 ,均在体外循环下直视手术 ,一组采用胸骨下段正中小切口 ,一组为常规正中切口。结果　无死亡病例 ,从切口长度、呼吸机辅助时间、术后引流量、抗生素使用时间比较 ,小切口组明显优于常规切口组 ,而体外外循环时间及升主动脉阻断时间与常规组无差别。结论　胸骨中下段小切口对小儿先心病治疗是安全可行的 Objective To compare the results of small incision of the middle lower part of the sternum and conventional incisional pediatric cardiac surgery. Methods Sixty-eight infants were divided into two groups. All underwent open-heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. One group received a median small incision in the lower part of the sternum, and the other group was a conventional median incision. Results no deaths, incision length, ventilator-assisted time, postoperative drainage, antibiotic use time, small incision group was significantly better than the conventional incision group, and extracorporeal circulation time and ascending aorta blocking time compared with the conventional group difference. Conclusion The small incision in the middle and lower sternum is safe and feasible for the treatment of children with congenital heart disease