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修复发动机和汽车磨损了的曲轴和其他重载零件的方法有多种。可是,实际上所有方法都有这样或那样的缺点。现以广泛采用的钢曲轴熔剂堆焊或二氧化碳气体堆焊为例加以说明。这种堆焊方法会引起金属的高温加热,从而不可避免地会导致被修复工件明显的翘曲。因此,这种地焊方法需要随后矫直,这样就会出现裂纹。此外,堆焊时在堆积层上会生成夹渣和氧化夹杂物,不得不对被修复的零件进行热处理,这既费钱又费时间。确实,国家汽车运输科研所(HHHAT)研究了一种工艺过程(用H_(11)80或H_(11)-65Г牌焊丝在掺有铬铁合金和石墨的AH-
There are several ways to repair crankshafts and other heavily loaded parts that are worn out by engines and automobiles. However, in fact all methods have one or the other shortcomings. Is widely used in steel crankshaft flux surfacing or carbon dioxide gas welding as an example to illustrate. This method of surfacing causes high temperature heating of the metal, which inevitably leads to significant warpage of the repaired workpiece. Therefore, this method of floor welding needs to be subsequently straightened so that cracks can occur. In addition, slag and oxidized inclusions are generated on the build-up layer during surfacing, and the repaired parts have to be heat-treated, which is expensive and time-consuming. Indeed, National Institute of Automotive Transport (HHHAT) has studied a process (using H_ (11) 80 or H_ (11) -65Г wire in an alloy AH-