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目的:了解不同类型社区居民对预防保健的需求情况及影响因素,以指导社区卫生人员有针对性地开展工作。方法:上海市顾村镇菊泉新城社区30岁以上的迁入居民和原住地居民公共卫生服务需求的现况调查。结果:共计调查居民1 790人,其中迁入居民884人,原住地居民906人;两类居民中,接受公共卫生服务的比例以原住地居民较高,为95.91%,服务内容主要是测血压和建立健康档案。新城区迁入居民有47.23%和原住地居民有39.33%认为需要公共卫生服务,其中最需要的分别是健康体检和健康指导。而原住地居民对公共卫生服务“都不需要”的比例较高,达60.66%,在“都不需要”者中,主要是认为“目前很健康”。对体检支付比例的看法是大部分居民表示不愿意自己支付,小部分居民只愿意支付10%。结论:迁入居民对公共卫生的需求较高,而原住地居民的公共卫生服务则有待提高,该辖区存在着较大的公共卫生服务需求空间。可根据实际情况开展健康体检,结合健康教育工作,提高居民的健康知识水平,特别是预防保健方面的知识。
Objectives: To understand the demand for preventive health care in different types of community residents and its influencing factors so as to guide community health workers to carry out their work in a targeted manner. Methods: A survey of public health service needs of immigrants and indigenous inhabitants over the age of 30 in the community of Juquan New Town, Gucun Town, Shanghai. Results: A total of 1 790 residents were surveyed, of whom 884 were immigrated and 906 were native residents. Among the two types of residents, 95.91% of them were residents receiving public health services. Their service contents mainly include blood pressure measurement And establish a health file. In the new district, 47.23% of residents and 39.33% of indigenous residents think they need public health services. The most important of these are health examination and health guidance. However, the proportion of indigenous residents who do not need public health services is 60.66% higher than those who do not need public health services, mainly because they think that they are “very healthy now.” The view on the proportion of medical examinations is that most residents do not want to pay for themselves, and a small proportion of residents only pay 10%. Conclusion: The demand for public health is higher in immigrants, but the public health services of indigenous residents need to be improved. There is a large demand for public health services in this area. According to the actual situation of health examination, combined with health education, improve residents’ health knowledge level, especially in the prevention of health knowledge.