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龙胆早在《神农本草经》中已有记载,是清肝胆实火、除下焦湿热的常用中药。东北三省是我国龙胆的主要产区,商品通称关龙胆(亦称东胆草),由于产量大、质量高,国内外颇负盛名。 关龙胆的原植物包括龙胆(Gentiana scabra Bunge)、三花龙胆(G.triflora Pallas)和东北龙胆(G.manshurica Kitagawa)三种。本文根据野外调查、栽培实验及室内研究,对原植物形态和药材的外形、解剖及化学方面提出了一些新发现的鉴别特征。
As early as the “Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing” has been described in the gentian, is the Qinggan gall fire, in addition to the common hot and humid under the traditional Chinese medicine. The three northeastern provinces are the major producing areas of China’s gentian, known as Guan Longdan (also known as Dongdancao). Due to its large output and high quality, it is well known both at home and abroad. Gentiana’s original plants include Gentiana scabra Bunge, G.triflora Pallas, and G.manshurica Kitagawa. Based on field surveys, cultivation experiments, and laboratory studies, this paper presents some newly discovered discriminating features of the original plant morphology and the appearance, anatomy, and chemistry of medicinal materials.