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在行波管中,多级降压收集极(MDC)效率由于其与总效率的关系密切而显得非常重要.而在设计MDC之前对其效率和行波管的总效率进行准确的评估可以把握管子的整体性能,并为相关软件的开发提供理论指导,因而对MDC的优化和行波管总效率的提高具有十分重要的意义.虽然Kosmahl在1980年就给出了MDC的效率评估公式,但其预测值比实测值偏高较多,因而需要更为准确的评估公式.本文首先引入耗散公差的概念,然后建立作用完电子注等差三角能量分布模型推导了MDC效率评估的公式,与Kosmahl给出的预测相比,新公式的估计结果更接近实测值.最后根据MDC效率最高和各个电极上耗散能量最低这两个极值条件,给出了MDC最佳电极级数的选取公式,其预测结果合理而且准确.
In traveling wave tube, multi-stage MDC efficiency is very important because of its close relationship with the total efficiency.And before the MDC is designed, its efficiency and the total efficiency of TWT can be accurately evaluated The overall performance of the tube and the theoretical guidance for the development of the related software are of great significance to the optimization of the MDC and the improvement of the overall efficiency of the traveling wave tube.Although Kosmahl gave the efficiency evaluation formula of MDC in 1980, Its prediction value is much higher than the measured value, so a more accurate evaluation formula is needed.In this paper, the concept of dissipative tolerance is introduced firstly, and then the formula of MDC efficiency evaluation is deduced by establishing the equivalent triangular energy distribution model, Kosmahl, the results of the new formula are closer to the measured values.Finally, according to the two extreme conditions of MDC efficiency and lowest energy dissipation on each electrode, the optimal formula of MDC is given , The forecast result is reasonable and accurate.