在免疫学发展的历史上,有许多实例说明基础理论研究的突破常使临床医学有飞跃的发展。例如ABO血型系的发现使输血的应用成为可能。人们在探讨移植失败的原因时也促进了免疫遗传学的发展。早在40年代Medawar等即用动物实验证明了移植排斥是外来组织引起的免疫应答。50年代发现多次输血者及经产妇的血清能凝集白细胞,与非溶 In the history of the development of immunology, there are many examples of breakthroughs in basic theoretical research that often lead to the rapid development of clinical medicine. For example, the discovery of the ABO blood group makes possible the use of blood transfusions. People also promote the development of immune genetics in exploring the causes of transplant failure. As early as the forties, Medawar et al. Used animal experiments to prove that transplant rejection is an extraneous tissue-induced immune response. In the 1950s, many blood transfusions and maternal serum were found to agglutinate leukocytes, which were not soluble